Improvement in jacks and mules for spinning yarns



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN GOULDING, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN JACKS AND MULES FOR SPINNING YAPLNS.

Speciiication forming part of Letters Patent No. 47,547, dated May 2, 1865.

To LU whoml t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN GoULDING,'of the city and county of Worcester, and State ot Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Jacks and Mules for Spinning Yarns 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure l represents a front elevation of the principal parts of a jack embodying my invention. Fig. 2 represents an end elevation of the same. Fig. 3 represents a transverse section ofthe same at the line x .fr of Fig. l. Fig. 4 represents a transverse section of the same at the line y y of Fig. l; and Fig. 4 a, a, a similar section ofthe carriage at the line zz of Fig. l. Fig. 5 represents a side view of the shifting mechanism of the drum-shaft with parts thereof in section. Fig. 6 represents an end view of parts of the same. Fig. 7 represents an end view of other parts of the same. Fig. S represents a view of certain parts of the machine detached from the remainder and viewed from the end of the machine opposite that represented in Fig. 2. Fig. 9 represents a section of the cog-wheel at the line w x of Fig. S. Fig. 10 represents a view of parts of the machine detached from the remainder and Fig. 1l represents a view ofthe arms of -the faller and counter-taller viewed from the end ofthe machine opposite that represented in Fig. 2.

The invention which constitutes the subject-matter of this patent relates to those spinning-machines known as jacks,and mules,7

in which the spinning and Winding of yarn are effected alternately and intermittently. In such machines it has beencustomary to arrange the spindles in upright positions upon a carriage which is caused to move horizon-v tally from and toward jaws, from which the rovings to be stretched and spun are delivered. Machines with this arrangement occupy not only the space on the floor of the factory required for the machinery, but also the additional space requisite to permit the carriage to stretch the rovings, while the actual space occupied by the moving parts of the machine is but a small portion of the entire space. Moreover, as the rovings are stretched in horizontal directions they sag, and their own weight tends to break them;

and when yarns are broken the attendant is compelled to lean forward over the carriage in an inconvenient and ditiicult position to piece them.

- The object ofthe present invention is to enable spinning by the system of alternate and intermittent stretching and Winding, to be effected automatically in a much less space horizontally, so that a greater number of machines can be operated in the same factory, also to facilitate the attendance upon the machine and secure greater uniformity and evenness in the yarn produced.

To this end the iirst part of the invention consists of the combination of a series of prostrate spindles for alternately twisting and winding yarn, with roller-jaws to deliver or feed continuous rovings to the spindles, a movable carriage to eiiect the stretching ot' the rovings and to render up the yarn during Winding, and upright guides to direct the carriage in its movement, all these members being operated in such manner that the rovings are delivered, stretched, and twisted and the yarns rendered up for winding while in upright pcsitions.

The second part of the invention consists of the combination of the rst part thereof with a turning-spool support for supporting and unwinding the rovings from their bobbins or spools, so that the rovings are delivered to the jaws of anv upright machine Without strain, and consequently the risk of the' rovin gs being broken between the spool and jaws in an upright machine is prevented in whole or in part.

The third part of the invention consists of the combination of the rising and descending carriage and the roller-jaws carried by it, with upright guides and a cog-rack, orits eq uivalent, operating upon gearing applied to the rollerjaws on the carriage in such manner that the roller-jaws are turned to deliver rovings by the movement of the carriage along the upright guides.

The fourth part of the invention consists of the combination of the rising and descending carriage, the roller-jaws and the turning-spool snpport carried by it, with upright guides and a cog-rack, or its equivalent, operating upon gearing applied to the roller'jaws and the turning-spool support on the carriage in such manner that both the roller-jaws and thespoolsupport are turned to unwind rovin gs from the spool or bobbin and deliver them for spinning by the movement of the carriage along the upright guides.

The fifth part of the invention consists of the combination of the rising and descending carriage, the roller-jaws, and the gearing which transmits motion to them, with instrumentalities for disconnecting said gearing from the control ofthe upright rack, or its equivalent, during the movement of the carriage in such manner that the delivery of rovings by the roller-jaws ceases when a certain predetermined length of rovings has been delivered for stretching and twisting.

The sixth part of the invention consists of the combination of the rising and descending carriage, turning-spool support, roller-jaws, and gearing which transmits motion to the turning-jaws and turning-spool support, with instrumentalities for disconnecting said gearing from the control of the upright rack, or its equivalent, in such manner that the unwinding of the rovings and their delivery by the jaws both cease when a certain predeter mined length of rovings has been delivered for stretching` and twisting.

The seventh part of the invention consists of the combination of a series of prostrate spindles with two trains of driving mechanism (the one for impelling them at the required speed during the stretching of the rovings and the other for impelling them at a variable speed during the winding of the yarn) and with shifting mechanism to put the spindles in connection with one or other of said trains ot' driving mechanism, and to disconnect them therefrom at the required times during the operation of the machine.

rEhe eighth part of the invention consists of the combination of a series of prostrate spindles with a train of' mechanism for reversing their motion, and with a shifting mechanism to put them in connection with said train and to disconnect them therefrom at the required times during the operation of the machine, so that the prostrate spindles may be made to "back oft'77 the yarns extending along their bodies from the cops of yarn to their points previous to winding.

rlhe ninth part ot' the invention consists of the combination of the series of prostrate spindles and the train of reversing or backing-oitl mechanism with mechanism for varying the extent of the retrograde or backingoit' movement of the spindles, so that the amount of backing oit' is reduced as the cops of yarn upon the spindles increase in size.

The tenth part of the invention consists of the combination of the train ot' backing-oli' mechanism and the mechanism for operating the faller (which determines the position of the yarn during winding) with devices for varying the extent of the operation of these two mechanisms so that the operations of bachin g off and of' directing the yarn for winding upon the spindles may be effected with the requisite variation by the operation of a single cam.

The eleventh part of the invention consists of the combination of the series of prostrate spindles and the train of driving mechanism for impelling them with varying speed during the winding of the yarn with mechanism forchanging the varying speed in such manner as to form the conica-l bases of yarn or the feet of the cops at the butts of the spindles.

The twelfth part of the invention consists of the arrange-ment of two series of prostrate spindles, carriages, and upright guides for the carriages, back to back, and the combination of this arrangement with 011e set ot' driving mechanism.

All of the improvements aie embodied in the machine represented in the accompanying drawings. In this machine the series of prostrate spindles (but one of which, a, is represented in the drawings in order to avoid confusion) are arranged in arow, and are supported in suitable bearings in two rails, B B, near the floor of the room in which the machine is operated, and each spindle is fitted with a whirl, b, to receive the cord d, by which the rotary motion is imparted to it from a drum, A. The spindles are arranged in sets or gangs of about twenty each, as in the horizontal machines in common use, and a drum is used for each set. All these drums are mounted upon one shaft, m, which extends through the machine, is supported at intervals by bearings, and is operated in turn by each one of three trains of driving mechanism hereinafter described, one for iinpelling the drums, and consequently the prostrate spindles which they operate upon, at a suitable speed during the delivery of the lengths of rovings to be spun and during the winding of the yarn; the second t:ain for impelling the spindles at the proper speed during the stretching ot' the rovings and until they are twisted to the requisite hardness, and the third for turning the spindles backward, so that they may back olf the yarn extending from the cops of thread to the points of the spindles. A carriage, C, composed, mainly,of two end frames connected by cross-bars, is arranged to move up a-nd down above the series of prostrate spindles, so that it alternately recedes from them and approaches them. rThis carriage is guided in its movement by two upright guides, D D, which for better security are connected at their upper and lower ends with the floors of the factory. The carriage holds the jaws which deliver and hold the rovings during spinning, and the turnin g-spool support for supportingthe bobbin or spool of rovings and for un winding them, so as to deliver the rovings. The rotary jaws consist of two rollers, c c, which are turned to deliver rovings, and of the loose rollers c c', which lie upon the rovings, press them in contact with the turning-roller@ c, and grip them by pressure, so that the rovings are clamped fast when the rollers c c cease to turn. The turning-spool support consists of a cylinder, E, which is arranged parallel with the rotary jaws upon which the long bobbin or spool of rovings F lies, so that it is turned by friction. The spool is retained in its proper position over the cylinder E by a pair of guides, ff, lagainst which the end gudgeons, eve, of the spool rest. In order that the rovin gs may be caused to maintain their proper positions opposite the spindles by which' they are spun, a guiderail, g, is inserted between the rotary jaws and the turning-spool support, and is provided with a pair ot' guide-pins for each spindle (but one pairof which are represented in the drawings) between which the rovings are conducted. The carriage is drawn upward from the prostrate spindles, and is permitted to descend by gravity, so as to approach the prostrate spindles by means of a cam, G, secured to arevolving shaft, h, and operating upon the carriage through the following mechanism: rlhe cam operates directly upon a friction-wheel secured to an arm, H, whose end is provided with a segment, I, which is connected with a steel band, j, wound upon a pulleywheel, K. The pulley-wheel K is secured to a transverse shaft, to which a second pulley-wheel, K', of larger size, is secured, and this second pulley-Wheel is connected with a steel band, j, which is wound upon a pulleywheel,K2, secured to a counter-shaft, m', above. Tae counter-shaft is provided with another pulley-wheel, K3, which is connected with the two end frames of thevcarriage C by means of two steel bands, j2 'ja one ot' which passes over a pulley, K, so that the upward movement of the arm H by the cani G draws oft' the band 7' from the pulley-wheel K, and thereby causes it and the larger pulley-wheel, K, to turn, and the turning` of this pulley-wheel draws the band j' from the pulley-wheel of the traverse-shaft, fm', and, causing it to turn, ei'ects the Winding up ot' the bands j2j3 and the consequent rise of the carriage G. When, on the other hand, the cam in its revolution permits the arm Ll to descend, the weight of the carriage causes it to des zend and turn the pulley-wheels and shafts in the opposite direction, and the speed at which the carriage descends is regulated by the form of the cam.

In order that the power required to operate the machine may be equalized, the weight of the carriage and its appurtenances is counterbalanced in part by a coun ter-weight L, which is suspended from a band Wound upon a pulley-wheel, K5, secured to the counter-shaft m'. 'lhe cam G is secured to a shaft, h, to which a cog-wheel, J, is also secured. This cogwheel engages with a pinion, J', on a shaft, lm2, which is driven from a shaft, m3, by means of a pinion, J2, and cog-wheel J3. The shaft m3 is titted with a belt-pulley, which receives a belt, M, leading from a belt-pulley, secured to the driving-shaft m4 of the machine, and the drivin g-shaft is fitted with a fast pulley, N, and a loose pulley, N', to one or other of which lthe driving belt is applied, according as the machine is to run or to remain at rest.

In order that the rotary jaws and turningspool-support maybe turned to deliver the rovings for spinning, the ends of their respective shafts are extended through one ot' the end frames ofthe carriage, and are provided with cog-wheels n a n'. rlhe cog-wheels a n of the rotary jaws are connected with the cogwheel n' ot the cylinder E by means of intermediate eog-wheels, n2 n3 n, so that all turn together, and the cog wheel ln' of the cylinder engages with a cog-wheel, a5, tted to turn loosely upon a stud, 1', secured to the end frame ot' the carriage. A second cog-wheel, ne, is fitted to turn upon this stud, with its teeth engaging in the teeth of a stationary upright rack, O, so that the cog-wheel is caused to turn by the action of vthe rack Whenever the carriage is raised or lowered. The face of the cog wheel ne is provided with a clutch-wheel, n", and a bayonet-clutch, l, is arranged to slide upon the stud i, with its pins passing through the cog-wheel a5 into positions to engage with the teeth ot' the clutch-wheel nl. The pins of the clutch are pressed toward the clutch-wheel n7 by means ot a spring, s, so that whenever the clutch-pins are permitted to engage with the teeth of the clutch-wheel n? the cog-wheel c5, upon which the clutch operates and the train of gearing composed of the cog-wheels u' a4 a3 a2 u n and the cylinder E and roller jaws c c c', upon which this gearing operates, are all caused to turn simultaneously with the cog-wheel ne. NVhen, on the other hand, the clutch-pins are disengaged from the clutch wheel n?, the train ot' gearing, cylinder, and jaws cease to turn. As rovings are delivered for spinning during the rising of the carriage for a certain period preliminary to the stretching, the clutch-pills are engaged with the clutch-wheel when-the carriage is in its lowest position, and remain so engaged until the carriage has moved the required distance to extend the lengths of rovings to be spun between the roller-jaws and thel spindles, after which the clutch-pins are withdrawn from the clutch-wheel n", thereby disengaging the gearing from the cog-wheel as and stopping the turning of the cylinder E and roller-jaws c c c'. In order to so withdraw the clutch-pins the hub of the clutch l is grooved to receive the fork of a shifting-lever, P, which is pivoted to the end frame ot' the carriage, and the lower end of the shiftinglever is provided with a projection, s', which by the upward movement of the carriage is brought in contact with an inclined plane, T. Hence as the carriage rises the shifting-lever is caused to turn by the action of the inclined plane upon its lower end and its fork disengages the clutch-pins. In order to hold them so disengaged during the remainder of the upward movement of the carriage and during its descent, a latch, Q, is provided, to engage with the upper end of a projection secured to the shifting-lever and prevent its movemen nearer to or farther from the spindles the' length of the rovings delivered is proportionally shortened or lengthencd, and as the rovings are stretched during the entire remainder ofthe upward movement of the carriage the amount of stretch is correspondingly increased or diminished.

In order that the spindles may be turned with the proper speeds at the proper times in the operation of spinning, the drum A, as before stated, is operated upon by three trains.

of mechanism. For this purpose the drumshaft is provided with two belt-pulleys, N2 N 2, and with a cog-wheel, J4, all of which are iitted to turn loosely upon it. The belt-pulley N2 constitutes the last member of the train of mechanism for'impelling the spindles at the speed required for winding the yarn on the spindles and for turning them also during the delivery of rovin gs prior to stretching. It? is driven by a belt, M', which receives motion from a belt-pulley secured to the hub of a cogwheel, J, which revolves upon an axle-arm, s3, secured to the frame of the machine. The teeth of this cog-wheel engage with those of a pinion, J7, secured to a counter-shaft, m5, which has a conical drum, A', mounted upon it, and this drum receivesmotion through a belt, M2, from a corresponding conical drum, A2, secured to the driving-shaft m4 ofthe machine. The belt M2 passes between the forks of a belt-shifter, S, which is carried lengthwise with the conical drums by a slide-rod, U, on which it is mounted, and to which motion is imparted by the swinging arm V through the connecting-rod t. The swinging arm is also connected by a rod, t', with the arm H, operated by the cam G, so that as this arm H moves its movement is propagated through the connecting-rod t', swinging arm V, counecting-rod t, and slide-rod U to the beltshifter S, which moves the belt M2 along the conical drums, and thereby effects the variation in the speed of the spindles as the winding of the yarn takes place upon the larger or smaller portions of the cops.

The pulley-wheel N 3 constitutes the last member of the train of mechanism for turning the spindles at the speed required for twisting during the stretching of the rovings. It is driven by a belt, M3, leading directly from a pulley, N4, secured to the drivingshaft m4 of the machine.

The cog-wheel J4 constitutes the last member of the train of mechanism for turning the spindles backward to cause them to back-off from the yarn previous to windin g. Its teeth engage with those of a cog-wheel, J 5, which is secured to a shaft, m6, and this shaft has a pulley-wheel, K6, secured to it, upon which a b1nd,j4, is wound. One end of the band is secured to an arm, H', which projects from a rock-frame, W, that is arranged to rock upon the shaft m7. This rock-frame is provided with asecond arm, H2, whose end projects within the range of a cam, G', secured to the shaft h, so that as the said shaft revolves the cam G', acting through the arms H' H2, band j, pulley-wheel K6, and cog-wheel J5, imparts motion to the cog-wheel J4, running on the shaft m of the drum which drives the spindles.

In order that the drum-shaft may be connected with either of the three trains of mechanism, it is provided with two sliding frictionclutch sleeves, l' and l2, which are connected with it by feathers, so that when either one of them is turned the shattis compelled to turn correspondingly. The sleeve Z' is provided with two friction-cones, w w', and the pulleys N2 N3 are provided with corresponding hollow cones, so that when the clutch-sleeve is moved to its extreme range to the ri ghtor to the left thefriction-cone w, at one of its ends, or the frictionconc w' at the other of its ends, is engaged with the pulley N2 of one train of mechanismfcor with the pulley N3 ofthe other train of mechanism, and the sleeve l', drum A, and spindles are caused to revolve correspondingly. When, on the other hand, the clutch-sleeve l' is atan intermediate position, neither ot' its frictioncones are engaged with the pulleys N2 N 3, and consequently 'the spindles are not then driven by them. The second clutch-sleeve, l2, is provided with a friction-cone 102, and the hub of the cog-wheel J4 is provided with a correspondin g hollow cone, so that when the clutchsleeve l2 is moved toward the cog-wheel J4 its cone is engaged with that of the cog-wheel, and the drum A and spindles are caused to revolve in correspondence therewith but when the sleeve Z2 is separated from the hub of the cog-wheel J4 the drum and spindles are not driven thereby.

In order that the clutch-sleevc l' may be moved lto engage with one or other of the pulleys N2 N3, and to disengage it therefrom, it is operated by the fork of an elbow-formed shifting-lever S', which is pivoted to the frame of the machine, with its horizontal arm u' in close proximity to the face of the cog-wheel J, and the adjacent face of this wheel is provided with three inclined projections, 'v o' o2, Fig. 8, for moving the end ot' the shifting-lever and thereby changing the position of the clutch-sleeve l', as required, to engage the drum A and spindles with one or other train of drivin g mechanism, or to disengage it from either. One of these projection, v, is so set in reference to the cam G that it bears upon the upper side of the end of the arm of the shifting-lever S' at the time the requisite length of rovings for one stretching operation has been delivered by the jaws, and it is of such size that it moves the clutch-sleeve l sufficiently to disengage one friction-cone from the pulley N2 and engage the other with the pulley N2, so that the drum A and spin` dles are disconnected from one train of driving mechanism and immediately re-engaged.

' anism for turning them forward. The third projection, c2, is so setin reference to the cam G that it bears against the under side of the end of the arm of the shifting-lever S at the time the spindles are to commence winding the yarn, and it is of such size that it moves the clutchsleeve Z from its intermediate position until its cone lw is engaged with the hollow cone of the pulley N2. The drum and spindles are thereby engaged with the train of mechanism for turning the spindles during the winding of the yarn and the delivery of the lengths of rovings to be stretched and twisted, and remain engaged with it until the first projection c is again carried by the wheel J int-o contact with the arm of the shifting-lever. As the projections thus described are only large enough to move the shifting-lever to the desired positions, it must be held in each position until a change is to be made. This is elfected by a latch, X, having three notches, in one or p other of which a tooth, fz on the shifting-lever engages when the sleeve is in one or either of the three required positions. The latch is pressed toward the shifting-lever by a spring, z, which is of sufficient strength to hold the lever from moving of itself, but yields when the lever is moved bythe projections v o e2 and permits the disengagement of the tooth. l

In order that the clutch-sleeve L2 may be moved to engage it with the cogwhee1 J4, or to disengage it therefrom, it is operated by the fork of a straight shifting-lever, S2, which is pivoted to the frame of the machine with its lower end near the face of the cog-wheel J. This shifting-lever is moved to engage the clutch-sleeve l2 with the cogwheel by a projection, c4, secured to the face of the wheel J in such a position relatively to the cam Gr, that the end of the projection acts upon the end of the shifting-lever when the twisting of the stretched rovin gs is completed, and when the drum A and spindles are disconnected from the train of driving mechanism terminating y in the pulley N3, whereupon the clutch-sleeve Z2 is engaged with the cogwheel J 4, and consequently the drum A and spindles are turned backward, the effect of which is to cause the spindles to back oi' or unwind the yarn extending from the cops to the ends of the spindles. When the backing off is completed and winding is to commence, the end of the projection v2 comes in contact with the opposite side lof the end vof the 'shifting-lever S2, being made long enough for that purpose, and moves it suiiciently todisengage the clutch-sleeve from the wheel J4, whereupon the drum and spindles are disconnected from the backing-off mechanism immediately before the same projection 'v2 acts upon the shifting-lever S and connects the drum A and spindles with the train of winding mechanism.

In order that the shifting-lever S2 may retain the position in which it is placed by the projections c4 v2, it is provided with a tooth, which engages in one or other notch of a latch, X', which is pressed against it by a spring.

In order that the yarns may be shifted from the ends of the spindles to the cops during winding and may be extended to the ends of the spindles during twisting, a wire faller, 7c, is applied to the machine. rThis faller is stretched between and supported by two arms, h h', which project from a rock-shaft, m2, and, as the faller and backing-off mechanism should operate at the same time, the faller is connected with and operated by the train of backing-off mechanism, terminating in the cogwheel J4. The connection is made by means of a band, j, whose ends are wound upon and secured to two pulley-wheels, K2 K2, the one on the rock-shaft of the faller and the other on the rock-shaft m6, so that when the latter is moved, as before described, by the action of the cam G on the arm H2 the faller is raised to shift the yarns from the ends of the spindles to the cops. When, on the other hand, the cam G passes by the arm H2, the faller is rocked downward to shift the yarns to the ends of the spindles by a spring, z', operating upon the hub of one of the arms of the spindles. As the position of the conical ends of the cops of yarn on the spindles is gradually changed from their butts toward their points by the progressive accumulations of yarn, the range of motion of the faller and the amount of backing oft' performed by the spindles must be correspondingly varied. In order that this may be done automatically, the arm H2 is not fixed to the rock frame W, but is constructed to move along it, and the part d2 of the frame or support on which the arm rests is inclined to the axis on which the frame rocks, so that as the arm H2 is moved along the support d2 from right to left, its end is progressively lowered or moved farther from theaxis of the cam G 5 hence the cam moves it a less distance, and consequently the movement of the faller and the backing off are progressively lessened. In order that the cam may commence to act upon the arm H2 at the proper time, notwithstanding this change in the position of the end of the arm, the cam is skewed longitudinally, so that its forward face is more advanced as the end of the arm H2 is farther withdrawn from its axis. The movement of the arm H2 along its support on the rock-frame W is effected automatically by means of a screw, B2, turning in a nut, O2,

i I I r l Imm ...i l

formed in a slide, D2, which traverses on a guide-rod, g2, and is connected with the arm H2 by two pins, h4. The head of the screw passes through the adjacent frame of the machine, and is titted with collars,which prevent it from moving endwise. It also projects beyond the frame, and its projecting end is fitted with a ratchet-wheel, J1?, (see Fig. 3,)

which is acted upon by a hand, f2, the lower end of which is pivoted upon an eccentric pin, i2, secured to the end of the shaft m2, so that as this shaft revolves the hand is alternately drawn down to engage in the teeth of the ratchet-wheel and turn it and the screw B2, and pushed up to glide over the inclined sides of the ratchet-teeth previous to re-engaging with them. The hand f2 is held in contact with the teeth of the ratchet wheel by a spring, z2.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the train of mechanism for effecting the backing ott' and that for removing the faller are combined together, and that the variation of the operations of both is effected by changing the position ofthe arm H2 rela tively to the cam G by means ot' the screw B2 and the inclined support d2. This combination of these mechanisms admits of the operation of the two by means of the single cam G', and as the arrangement is simple, it may be applied with advantage to jacks and mules spinning upon the horizontal system as well as to upright jacks and mules. The unwindin g of the yarn during backin g ofi' delivers up a certain amount of yarn, which, if permitted to hangs lack, would tend to produce kinks. Therefore a counter-taller, kf, is provided to prevent such slacking. This counter-taller consists of a wire stretched between and supported by two arms, h2 h2, secured to a rockshaft, m9, and this shaft is acted upon by a spring, z3, to cause the counter-faller to bear upward under the yarns, so as to take up the slack of the yarns, by deiiectin g them as fast as they are unwound in backing oil'. The strength of the spring z3, which operates this counter-taller, must be proportioned to the number of yarns upon which it acts being just suicient to take up the slack, but insufcient to bend the yarns materially out of their upright courses during windin g and spinning. When the machine has no yarns in it,

the counterfal'ler is raised by its spring, butV when the machine is twisting yarns the strain of the yarns upon it depresses it, as shown in Fig. ll. l/Vhen spinning is commenced with an empty set of spindles, it is important that the winding of the first yarns spun should be effected in such manner as to produce conical masses of yarn at the butts of the spindles to serve as conical bases or feet for the yarns subsequently spun and wound. In order that the first yarns may be wound in this manner, the speed of the winding at that time must be greater proportionally than it is subsequently, and the speed of each succeeding winding must be progressively decreased as the conical feet of the cops increase in size untilthey are fully formed. In order to e'ect the progressive decrease of speed automatically, the pin e2 of swinging arm V, to which the connecting rod t of the belt-shifter S is applied, is not fixed upon the swinging arm, but is attached to a slide, D3, which is fitted to more longitudinally along` said arm towtrl itslower end, so that the farther it is moved from the center of motion of the arm the greater is the stroke of the belt-shifter, and the farther the distance which the belt M2 is shifted along the double `cones A A2 toward the larger diameter of the driven cone A', and consequently the more the speed of the spindles is decreased toward the end of the winding. The slide D3 is moved along the swinging arm V by means of a screw, B3, which passes through a nut in the slide D, and is prevented from moving endwise along the arm by collars at its ends. The head of the screw is extended through the bearing in which it turns at the end of the swinging arm, and is titted with an arm, w3, which has a springpawl, 104, secured to it in a position to bear upon the teeth of a cog-wheel, u2, titted to turn loosely upon the end of the screw B3. This cog-wheel u2 is carried alternately in opposite directions along acurved rest, E2, by the movement of the swinging arm'V. Upon the curved rest a segment of a cog-wheel, c3, is secured by means of a clamp, y2, with its teeth in proper posit'ions to engage with those ot' the cog-wheel u2 on the end of the screw; hence, as this cogwheel is moved to and fro by the swinging arm it is turned alternately in opposite directions by the contact of its teeth with those of the stationary cog-segment. During the movement of the swinging-arm upward the cog-teeth of the cog-wheel slip past the springpawl @v4 without engaging with it; but during the downward movement of the swinging arm the teeth of the cog-wheel engage with the spring-pawl and compel it, the arm to which it is secured, and the screw to which the arm is made fast to turn and move the slide D3 downward. After the feet of the cops are formed it is not necessary to change the varying speed of the winding mechanism, hence the movement of the slide D3 must be stopped when the conical feet of the cops of yarn are fully formed. This may be effected by removing the cog-segment ua by hand at that time, or the screw-thread may be cut away at the place where the slide D3 should then stand upon the swinging arm,so that the movement ot' the slide by the screw beyond that place is prevented.

The-teeth of some of the cog-wheels of the machine represented in the accompanying drawings are drawn of larger proportionate sizes than they would be in a working machine, as the dimensions of the drawings are so small that it would be diicult to represent the cog-teeth of their proper relative sizes. This ditference, however, is not a matter of importance, as the dimensions ot the cog-teeth i f I ot the gearing of jacks and mules are well understood by the builders of machines. The relative speeds of the spindles dur-ing the delivery of` rovings, stretching, spinning, backing off, and winding may be the same as the speeds of the spindles in the horizontal jacks and mules, and, as these are well known `to builders of such machines, it is not deemed necessary to state them. The carriage-cam G is of such form that it causes the carriage C to rise at the speed at which the carriage of a horizontal jack or mule is withdrawn from thejaws when the rovings are delivered and stretched. The cam is also of such form that after the stretching is completed by the riseof the carriage to its highest point the carriage is permitted to descend slowly during the continued twisting of the yarns to compensate their shortening by twisting preliminary to backing 0E and winding. The cam is also so formed that the carriage is permitted to descend during the winding with the proper speed,'whioh maybe the same as that at which the carriage of a horizontal jack or mule is moved toward the jaws during winding.

As the carriage of the machine thus described moves up and down it occupies but a small portion of the floor of the factory. In order, however, to economize space still further, a second row of prostrate spindles, c, is arranged behind the first row with the points of the spindles reversed, and this second row is provided with a carriage, C', and its appurtenances, and with upright guides D and a stationary rack, O', similar to those of the first row, the spindles being operated by the same drum A and the carriage being connected by bands with the same counter-shaft m, so that a duplex spinning-machine is produced, in which twice the ordinary number of spindles can be used in the same length of space with but one set ofv driving` mechanism. The faller k2 and counter-faller k3 of this second row of spindles are similar to those of the row rst described, and the rock-shaft m10 of the faller k2 is connected with the train of backing-off mechanism by the cog-wheels J 8 J 9 J10 J 11, so as to be moved simultaneously with `the faller of thefirst row. Both the rows of prostrate spindles thus described are represented in Fig. l at the left side of the frame of the driving mechanism. Two other sets of prostrate spindles might, however, be arranged on the right side of the frame of the driving mechanism, so that this frame would occupy a central position between the rows of spindles, and such other sets might be operated by the same driving mechanism if it be made of the requisite strength.

The machine thus described is an upright jack suited to the spinning of wool yarns from continuous rovings produced by carding machinery and wound upon bobbins or spools. An upright mule for extending rovings by drawing-rollers previous to stretching and twisting them may be constructed accordin g to the aforesaid invention by mounting the successive pairs of drawing-rollers, together with the gearing for imparting to them the requisite speeds upon the rising` and falling carriage. In this case the rovings delivered from the bobbins or spools will be drawn by the successive action of rollers before being delivered for stretching and twisting, and the last pair of drawing-rollers may act as the jaws whence the rovin gs pass to the spindles.

Having thus described a machine embodying all parts of myinvention, I declare that I do not claim to be the rst inventor of the system of spinning the yarns in upright positions by stretching and twisting rovings and windin g them alternately and intermittently, as I am aware that attempts have been made to construct hand-machines 'operating upon that plan; nor do I claim to be the first who arranged spindles in prostrate positions 5 but What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is the new combinations of mechanism which I have devised for spinning yarns in upright positions, that is to say- 1. The combination of a series of prostrate spindles, roller-jaws, a'movable carriage, and upright guides for the carriage, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a series of prostrate spindles, roller-jaws, turning-spool support, movable carriage, and upright guides for the carriage, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the rising and de` scending carriage and roller-jaws with upright guides for the carriage and a rack, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of the rising and descending carriage, roller-jaws, and turningspool support, with upright guides for the carriage and a rack, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of the rising and descending carriage, the roller-jaws, and their gearing with instrumentalities for stopping the revolution of said jaws when the length of rovings required for one spinning operation has been delivered, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the rising and descending carriage, the roller-jaws, turningspool support, and the gearing for transmitting motion to roller-jaws and turning-spool support, with instrumentalities for stopping the revolution of said jaws and spool-support when the length of rovings required for one spinning operation has been unwound and delivered, substantiallyas set forth.

7. The combination of a series of prostrate spindles with two trains of driving mechanism, and with shifting mechanism to put the spindles in connection with one or other train of driving mechanism and disconnect them therefrom, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a series of prostrate spindles with a train of mechanism for turning them backward, and with shifting mechanism to connect and disconnect the spindles therefrom, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a series of prostrate spindles and the train ot' backing-off mecha-nism with mechanism for varying the extent of the backing-oft' movement, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, in ajack, of the backin goff mechanism, the faller mechanism, and the devices for varying the extent of movement of these two mechanisms, substantially as set forth.

l1. The combination of a series of prostrate spindles and the train of driving mechanism for impelling them with varying speed during winding with mechanism for changing the varying speed, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination of two series of prostrate spindles and their appurtenances, arranged back to back, with one set of driving mechanism, substantially as set forth.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of October, A. D. 1864.

JOHN GOULDING.

Witnesses:

MELVILLE BIGGs. W. L. BENNEM. 

